What is Transistor? Type | use
What is a transistor and how it works, how many types are there, complete details are on this page Transistor is such a semiconductor device that can control the movement of electrons and electricity, it can start and stop electricity and it can also control the amount of current. Can control, that's why transistor can generate an electronic wave
The types of transistors are detailed on this page including a bipolar transistor, NPN transistor, PNP transistor, field-effect transistor, junction field-effect transistor, metal oxide field effect transistor and where is their use
How does a transistor work?
Transistor was invented by John Bardeen and Walter and William schockley Transistors have a very long life, they are small, transistors work like vacuum tubes Vacuuum tubes which were used in old computers
The invention of the transistor has become the key to modern inventions like digital circuits, displays, phones, it is the greatest invention of the 20th century.
Transistor has three terminals, first Base is a second collector and the third is Emitter, in which the Base activates the transistor and Collector Positive lead and Emitter Negative lead.
Most transistors are made of pure silicon and germanium.
types of transistors?
- There are two types of transistor
- Bipolar Transistor BJT
- Field-effect transistor FET
- A bipolar transistor has NPN and PNP transistor
1. Bipolar Junction Transistor
This transistor was invented in December 1947 by John Bordin, Walter Brattain and William Shockley at Bell Laboratories in America. The name of this transistor is bipolar transistor because it has two types of charge carriers, holes and electrons. This means that current flows through both holes and electrons. It consists of two PN junctions that work to amplify and magnify the signal. The 3 terminals of bipolar are called base, collector and ammeter.
uses of a bipolar junction transistor
A bipolar junction is used as an amplifier.It can also be used as an oxidizer.It is used as a demodulator. Bipolar junction transistors are used in logical circuits.This transistor is also used as an electronics switch.
There are two types of bipolar transistors
1.NPN Transistor
2 PNP Transistor
PNP transistors have 2 P regions divided by a thin N region. In this transistor, a small amount of current coming out of the base works to control the emitter and collector current. A PNP transistor consists of two crystal diodes connected one behind the other. The diode on the left is called the emitter-base diode and the diode on the right is known as the collector-base diode.
field-effect transistor
A field-effect transistor is a 3-terminal semiconductor device in which current is carried through a majority carrier only. Because of which it is also called the unipolar transistor. This transistor has three terminals namely source, gate and drain. The field-effect transistor is reverse biased.
Field-effect transistors are designed to be much smaller than bipolar junction transistors and have lower power consumption as well as reduced dissipation, making them suitable for use in the CMOS range of digital logic chips.
It is very low, due to which it is also used in cascade amplifier.Field effect transistor is a device controlled by voltage, due to which it is also used as a voltage variable register.It is also used in oscillation circuits. Field-effect transistors are very small in size and occupy very little space, due to which it is easily installed anywhere, hence it is used as a digital circuit.
Field effect transistor produces very little noise, due to which it is also used in low noise amplifiers. It is also used in multiplexers. It is also used in face shift oscillators.
There are two types of field-effect transistors
Junction Field Effect Transistor
Junction Field Effect Transistor is a semiconductor device with three terminals and is used in electronic control switches, voltage control registers and amplifiers. It is a unipolar device. This means that it will depend on electrons or holes at a time.
Features of Junction Field Effect Transistor
- Junction Field Effect Transistor has high input impedance.
- The power consumption in this transistor is very less.
- Due to its small size, this transistor fits in a very small space in the circuit.
- This transistor also works to protect against radiation.
Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor
A metal oxide field effect transistor is a semiconductor device used for switching electronic devices and for amplifying electronic signals.
Features of Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor
- This transistor is used to amplify electronic signals.
- Metal oxide field-effect transistors are used as high frequency amplifiers.
- It is used in switch mod power supply.
- It is used in the switching of electronic equipment
Apart from these, Darlington Transistor, Schottky Transistor, Multiple-Emitter Transistor, Dual Gate MOSFET Junction, FET Transistor, Avalanche Transistor, Diffusion Transistor are also transistors.
- Difference Between NPN and PNP Transistor
NPN transistor consists of two N type semiconductors, between which a thin P type semiconductor is installed and it divides both the N type semiconductors from each other and if we talk about PNP transistors then two P type semiconductors are attached to it. between which a thin N type semiconductor is placed and it separates the two P-type semiconductors from each other.The pictures of NPN and PNP are very similar to each other. Both transistors have 3 pins Base, Collector and Emitter. The only difference between these two is the arrow mark which indicates the emitter. In the NPN transistor, the arrow symbol is on the outside and if we talk about PNP, then this mark is on the inside.
The number of electrons in NPN transistor is very high, so if you talk about PNP then you will get more number of holes in it.In NPN transistor the current flows from collector to emitter and in PNP transistor the same current flows from emitter to collector.
When the NPN transistor is turned on, the base gives positive supply and when the PNP transistor is turned on, the base starts giving negative supply.
The switching time is much faster in NPN transistor than in PNP transistor. This happens because the number of electrons in an NPN transistor is more than in a PNP transistor.
Advantages and Uses of Transistors
- It is cheap so can be used anywhere works fast
- There is no loss of power through the cathode heater.
- Long life is not spoiled quickly
- good on low voltage
- Transistor is used like a switch
- Transistor is used as an amplifier
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